Access to the full content is only available to members of institutions that have purchased access. If you belong to such an institution, please log in or find out more about how to order.


Cover of Women and Empire, 1750-1939 Primary Sources on Gender and Anglo-Imperialism

Women and Empire, 1750-1939: Primary Sources on Gender and Anglo-Imperialism

Edited by Susan K. Martin; Caroline Daley; Elizabeth Dimock; Cheryl Cassidy; Cecily Devereux

  • Published: 26 Jan 2009
  • DOI: 10.4324/9780415310925
  • Set ISBN: 9780415310925

Set Contents


In 1912 a leading London newspaper declared that ‘[i]n the making of Empire woman plays but little direct and visible part’. Eveline Mitford thought this an ‘astonishing assertion’, but conceded that it was ‘probably the opinion of most people who have not gone into the question for themselves, for the great duties and responsibilities that rest upon women in the arduous work of moulding a new country are rarely recognised or appreciated’.1 It was the heyday of ‘new imperialism’, that period between the mid-1870s and the outbreak of the First World War when there was an unprecedented outpouring of imperial sentiment and pursuit of imperial gains.2 The previous year a month-long Imperial Conference had been held in London and the Festival of Empire had been celebrated at the Crystal Palace. At the time Mitford was writing the League of Empire had just held the first conference of teachers’ associations from around the Empire and the Duke of Westminster was busy establishing a new ‘Imperial Fund’ to further imperial causes.3 Yet women’s work within and for the Empire was still being ignored. As Mitford noted, the British press was happy to report men’s imperial achievements, but ‘the work of women in our Dominions is rarely considered of sufficient interest to be chronicle[d]’.4

Volume Contents

  • content locked
    Front Matter
  • content locked
    Introduction
  • Imperial Views
    • content locked
      1
      Extracts from Mr McDonnell’s MS Journal, Containing Observations on New Zealand (London: James Moyes, 1834), pp. 5–13. By Thomas McDonnell
    • content locked
      2
      The British Colonization of New Zealand: Being an Account of the Principles, Objects and Plans of the New Zealand Association, Together with Particulars Concerning the Position, Extent, Soil and Climate, Natural Production and Native Inhabitants of New Zealand (London: J. W. Parker, 1837), pp. 288–96. By Edward Gibbon Wakefield
  • Missionaries
    • content locked
      3
      A Personal Narrative of Two Visits to New Zealand on His Majesty’s Ship Alligator, A.D. 1834 (London: Nisbet, 1836), pp. 51–4. By William Barrett Marshall
    • content locked
      4
      Journal of Eliza White, Monday 27 May 1833 and Sunday 21 Oct. 1833 (MET 11/2/2, John Kinder Theological Library, Auckland). (transcribed typescript)
    • content locked
      5
      Our Maoris (London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1884), pp. 209–17. By Lady Martin
  • Migration
    • content locked
      6
      Great Britain and Ireland: New Zealand Female Immigration (Further Papers Relative to the Affairs of New Zealand) (1851), pp. 14–15.
    • content locked
      7
      Travels and Adventures of an Officer’s Wife in India, China, and New Zealand, 2 vols (London: Hurst and Blackett, 1864), vol. II, pp. 207–9. By Mrs D. D. Muter
    • content locked
      8
      A Few Words to Emigrants’ Wives (London: Jarrold and Sons, c.1870), pp. 13–22, 25–7, 30–2.
    • content locked
      9
      ‘Female Emigration to New Zealand’, The Times, 21 Apr. 1873, p. 6. By Mary A. Colclough
    • content locked
      10
      A. M. to Miss Lefroy, Imperial Colonist IV (39) (Mar. 1905), p. 31.
    • content locked
      11
      ‘Pleasant Homes in the Roadless North’, Imperial Colonist VI (73) (Jan. 1908), pp. 5–7. By Ellen W. Blackwell
    • content locked
      12
      ‘New Zealand as a Field for Women’, Imperial Colonist XI (141) (Oct. 1913), pp. 168–70. By A. Woodhouse
    • content locked
      13
      ‘Openings for Women in New Zealand’, Imperial Colonist XVII (207) (June 1919), pp. 90–3. By Mrs. McDonald
  • Life in the Colony
    • content locked
      14
      ‘Colonial Memories: Old New Zealand. I’, Cornhill Magazine 88 (1903), pp. 749–59. By Lady Broome
    • content locked
      15
      Letters from Letter Book No. 1, pp. 101–4, 133–5, 280–3, 331–3, Women’s Migration and Oversea Appointments Society, Fawcett Society Library, Australian Joint Copying Project (microfilm reel m 468) (originals held at the Women’s Library, London Metropolitan University; ref. 1FME Records of the Female Middle Class Emigration Society): From Miss I. M. Cary, Manor Lodge, Dunedin, to Miss Lewin, 18 Oct. 1863 From Miss Cary, Dunedin, to Dear Madam, 15 Sept. 1864 From Miss I. M. Cary, Wanganui, to Madam, 2 Oct. 1867 From Miss E. C. Brook, Dunedin, to Dear Madam, 20 Jan. 1869. (transcribed typescript)
    • content locked
      16
      ‘Write me a letter to-night, Love’, in Tom Bracken (ed.), Tom Bracken’s Annual, No. 2, 1897 (Dunedin, 1897), p. 21. By Emma Hardwick
    • content locked
      17
      In the Land of the Tui: My Journal in New Zealand (London: Sampson Low, Marston and Company Ltd, 1894), pp. 45–9. By Mrs Robert Wilson
    • content locked
      18
      Our Stolen Summer: The Record of a Roundabout Tour (Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood and Sons, 1900), pp. 72–6. By Mary Stuart Boyd
    • content locked
      19
      ‘Such a Treasure!’, in A. R. Buckland (ed.), The Empire Annual for Girls (London, 1911), pp. 120–30. By Eileen O’Connell
    • content locked
      20
      ‘Tent Life in the New Zealand Bush’, in A. R. Buckland (ed.), The Empire Annual for Girls (London, 1916), pp. 129–34.
    • content locked
      21
      ‘Fruit Farming in New Zealand’, Imperial Colonist XX (237) (May 1922), pp. 74–5. By Miss Roberts
  • Suffrage
    • content locked
      22
      An Appeal to the Men of New Zealand (Nelson: J. Hounsell, 1869).  FEMMINA  [MARY  ANN  MULLER] By Mary Ann Muller
    • content locked
      23
      ‘The Member for Auckland City on Women’s Suffrage’, Englishwoman’s Review 67 (15 Nov. 1878), pp. 486–94.
    • content locked
      24
      ‘The Question of Female Suffrage’, Zealandia 1 (4) (Oct. 1889), pp. 229–32. By E. M. Bourke; Mrs E. M. Dunlop
    • content locked
      25
      ‘New Zealand’s Experience’, Political Equality Series III (6) (c.1907). By B. Borrmann Wells
    • content locked
      26
      Woman Suffrage in New Zealand (London: The Woman’s Press, 1913). By Lady Stout
    • content locked
      27
      What We Have Done with the Franchise (Wellington, c.1925). By Dr Emily Hancock Siedeberg-McKinnon
    • content locked
      28
      The Triumph of Woman’s Rights: A Prophetic Vision (Auckland: W. McCullough Printers, c.1893), pp. 5–14. By Thomas Bracken
    • content locked
      29
      ‘Woman Suffrage in New Zealand: A Commentary’, and ‘Results of Woman Suffrage’, reprinted from the Anti-Suffrage Review, Oct. 1911 and Morning Post, 12 and 21 Oct. 1911 (New Zealand and Australia from an Anti-Suffrage Point of View (New York State Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage, New York City, c.1912), pp. 2–5).
  • Social Reform
    • content locked
      30
      ‘Address by Lady Stout at the Inaugural Meeting of the Southern Cross Society’ (Wellington, 1895).
    • content locked
      31
      Journal of Eliza White, 21 Oct. 1835 (MET 11/2/4, John Kinder Theological Library, Auckland). (transcribed typescript)
    • content locked
      32
      ‘Temperance Reform’, The National Council of the Women of New Zealand, Fifth Session, Dunedin 3–12 May 1900 (Christchurch: Smith, Anthony, Sellars and Company Ltd, 1900), pp. 46–9. By Miss Roberts
    • content locked
      33
      Editorial, ‘A New Zealand Trafalgar Day’, White Ribbon, 16 Oct. 1905, pp. 6–7.
    • content locked
      34
      ‘A Day in the Street Getting Signatures to the Six O’Clock Closing Petition’, White Ribbon, 18 Aug. 1916, pp. 3–4. By Mrs. McDonald
    • content locked
      35
      ‘Palmerston North Scientific Temperance Competitions, 1916’, White Ribbon, 19 Mar. 1917, p. 4. By Elsie Gawith
    • content locked
      36
      ‘Women’s Disabilities’, White Ribbon, Jan. 1901, pp. 1–2. By Mrs Nicol
    • content locked
      37
      ‘The Domestic and Political Influence of Our Late Queen’, Press (Christchurch), 6 Feb. 1901, p. 4.
    • content locked
      38
      ‘The Removal of the Civil and Political Disabilities of Women’, The National Council of the Women of New Zealand, Seventh Session, Napier 5–15 May 1902 (Gisborne: Gisborne Times Office, 1902), pp. 64–9. By Mrs Margaret Sievwright
    • content locked
      39
      ‘Some General Principles of Good Citizenship’, White Ribbon, 18 July 1913, pp. 10–11. By Marian Judson
    • content locked
      40
      ‘Police Women’, White Ribbon, 18 Nov. 1916, pp. 9–11.
    • content locked
      41
      Women and the Labour Movement (Wellington: The Labour Book Room, 1933). By Elizabeth R. McCombs
    • content locked
      42
      ‘The Nationality of Married Women’, Tomorrow, 2 Jan. 1935, pp. 11–12; 9 Jan. 1935, pp. 14–15. By Christobel Robinson
    • content locked
      43
      ‘Women—Left Turn!’, Tomorrow, 25 May 1938, pp. 473–6. By C.L.S.; K.J.S.
    • content locked
      44
      Mrs M. Steadman Aldis to Mrs Scatcherd, 23 Mar. 1888, reprinted in The Dawn: A Quarterly Sketch of the Progress of the Work of the British, Continental and General Federation for the Abolition of the State Regulation of Vice, 1 Aug. 1888, p. 9.
    • content locked
      45
      ‘The C.D. Acts’, National Council of the Women of New Zealand, Third Session, Wellington 20–28 April 1898 (Wanganui: A. D. Willis, General Printer, 1898), pp. 36–8. By Mrs Ada Wells
    • content locked
      46
      ‘An Appeal to the Women of New Zealand’, White Ribbon, Feb. 1902, pp. 1–2. By Ellice J. Hopkins
    • content locked
      47
      ‘Reasons Why Preventives Should Not Be Used’, White Ribbon, 18 Oct. 1912, pp. 13–14. By Dr Elizabeth Dunn
    • content locked
      48
      ‘White Slave Traffic: To the Men of New Zealand from the Women’s Christian Temperance Union of New Zealand’, White Ribbon, 18 June 1914, p. 13.
    • content locked
      49
      ‘Mrs Perryman’s Address on Much-Needed Social Reforms, Delivered at the Wanganui Convention on Tuesday Evening, March 21st’, White Ribbon, 18 May 1916, pp. 3–4.
    • content locked
      50
      Mrs R. A. (Mary) S—to Dr Stopes, 28 Mar. 1937, and Dr Stopes to Mrs R. A. S—, 29 Apr. 1937 (PP/MCS Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes, A 310 New Zealand General Correspondence, Contemporary Medical Archives Collection, Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine, Australian Joint Copying Project, microfilm reel m2573).
    • content locked
      51
      ‘Domestic Servants’, The National Council of the Women of New Zealand, Fifth Session, Dunedin 3–12 May 1900 (Christchurch: Smith, Anthony, Sellars and Company Ltd, 1900), pp. 63–7. By Mrs F. E. Cotton
    • content locked
      52
      The Do-Little Dialogues on the Domestic Situation and its Solution (Auckland: Gordon & Gotch, 1912). By Mrs Leo Myers
    • content locked
      53
      Education of Girls: Read Before the Auckland Teachers’ Association, June 20th, 1874 (Auckland: Upton & Co., 1874), pp. 5–12. By Mrs George Shayle
    • content locked
      54
      ‘The Present Development of Women’s Education in New Zealand’, Journal of Education, 1 Oct. 1893, pp. 543–5. By Mrs Steadman Aldis
    • content locked
      55
      Society for the Promotion of the Health of Women and Children. Addresses Delivered by Doctors F. C. Batchelor and Truby King at the Annual Meeting of the above Society, Held at Burns Hall, Wednesday, May 19, 1909 (Dunedin, 1909), pp. 4–10. By Dr F. C. Batchelor
    • content locked
      56
      ‘Marriage of the Unfit’, White Ribbon, May 1910, pp. 1–2; June 1910, pp. 1–2.
    • content locked
      57
      ‘The Racial Instinct’, Evening Star (Dunedin), 22 July 1916. By Dr Emily H. Siedeberg
    • content locked
      58
      ‘The Economic Independence of Married Women’, White Ribbon, May 1896, pp. 7–8.
    • content locked
      59
      ‘Equal Pay for Equal Work’, The National Council of the Women of New Zealand, Seventh Session, Napier 5–15 May 1902 (Gisborne: Gisborne Times Office, 1902), pp. 32–8. By Miss Jessie Mackay
    • content locked
      60
      ‘Women in Industry in New Zealand’, in Women of the Pacific: Being a Record of the Proceedings of the First Pan-Pacific Women’s Conference Which was Held in Honolulu from the 9th to the 19th of August 1928, Under the Auspices of the Pan-Pacific Union (Honolulu: Pan-Pacific Union, 1928), pp. 86–9. By Ada S. Perry
    • content locked
      61
      ‘The Position of Women’, Tomorrow, 11 Dec. 1935, pp. 10–11. By Freda Cook
  • `Converting' Maori Women into Imperial Sisters
    • content locked
      62
      ‘The Girls of New Zealand’, Girl’s Realm II (Dec. 1899), pp. 151–2. ‘ALIEN’
    • content locked
      63
      ‘Hinemoa’s Swim’, School Journal, Pt. I, V (10) (Nov. 1911), pp. 154–63.
    • content locked
      64
      ‘The Maoris’, in Little People in Far-Off Lands: Our Island Cousins (Australia, New Zealand, and Ceylon) (Leeds: E. J. Arnold and Son Ltd, c.1921), pp. 18–25. By Florence A. Tapsell
    • content locked
      65
      ‘Work Among Maoris’, White Ribbon, Nov. 1895, pp. 6–7.
    • content locked
      66
      ‘Ripoata Maori’ [Maori Report], White Ribbon, 17 Nov. 1911, pp. 4–6. By Ripoata Maori
    • content locked
      67
      ‘Turakina Maori Girls’ School’, White Ribbon, 15 Jan. 1907, p. 5.
    • content locked
      68
      ‘The New Zealand Grace Darling’, School Journal, Pt. II, III (5) (June 1909), pp. 66–9.
    • content locked
      69
      ‘The Story of a New Zealand Heroine’, White Ribbon, 18 Aug. 1913, p. 13. The ‘Cost’ of ‘Civilization’
    • content locked
      70
      Our Stolen Summer: The Record of a Roundabout Tour (Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood and Sons, 1900), pp. 80–5. By Mary Stuart Boyd
  • Fighting for Empire
    • content locked
      71
      Our Empire Story: Stories of India and the Greater Colonies (London and Edinburgh: T. C. and E. C. Jack, 1908), pp. 229–37. By Henrietta Elizabeth Marshall
    • content locked
      72
      Jane Maria Atkinson to Margaret Taylor, 17 Jan. 1858, in Emily Richmond (ed.), Family Letters of the Richmonds and Atkinsons and Others (Wellington: Issued for Private Circulation by A. H. and A. W. Reed for Mary E. and Emily Richmond), pp. 20–3 (transcribed typescript).
    • content locked
      73
      Maria Nicholson, New Plymouth, to her cousin Mrs Elizabeth Hall, England, 25 Mar. 1860 (Elizabeth Hall Papers, MS-0292, Hocken Collections, Dunedin) (transcribed typescript).
    • content locked
      74
      Mrs Sarah H. Selwyn, Auckland, to M. A. P., 30 Aug. 1860, in Extracts of Letters from New Zealand on the War Questions; With an Article from the New Zealand Spectator of November 3rd, 1860 and a Copy of the Native Offenders’ Bill (London: F. J. Wilson, 1861), pp. 21–7.
    • content locked
      75
      Jane Maria Atkinson to Margaret Taylor, 5 Apr. 1861, in Emily Richmond (ed.), Family Letters of the Richmonds and Atkinsons and Others (Wellington: Issued for Private Circulation by A. H. and A. W. Reed for Mary E. and Emily Richmond), pp. 219–23 (transcribed typescript).
    • content locked
      76
      Travels and Adventures of an Officer’s Wife in India, China, and New Zealand, 2 vols (London: Hurst and Blackett, 1864), vol. II, pp. 276–84. By Mrs D. D. Muter
    • content locked
      77
      New Zealanders and the Boer War or Soldiers from the Land of the Moa (Christchurch: Gordon and Gotch, 1906), pp. 225–9, 231–2, 243–4. A NEW ZEALANDER [MRS A. G. HAWDON]
    • content locked
      78
      ‘Our Real Foes’, White Ribbon, 16 June 1902, pp. 6–7.
    • content locked
      79
      ‘Patriotism and Imperialism’, White Ribbon, 18 Aug. 1913, pp. 1–3.
    • content locked
      80
      ‘The Otago and Southland Women’s  Patriotic Association Recommend the Following Methods’ (Misc-MS-0640, Hocken Collections, Dunedin).
    • content locked
      81
      ‘At Anzac in a Hospital Ship’, School Journal, Pt. III, X (5) (June 1916), pp. 154–9. By A. Nurse
    • content locked
      82
      ‘The Mother’s Vision’, Along the Road: A Book of New Zealand Life and Travel (Auckland: Unity Press, 1929), pp. 227–31. By Elsie K. Morton
    • content locked
      83
      ‘The Peace Front and the Women’, Tomorrow, 16 Aug. 1939, pp. 669–70. By Elsie Freeman