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The Founders


The extracts in this volume, all of which date from the eighteenth century, represent two important aspects of the development of monetary economics. Firstly, and most importantly, they all represent important parts of the foundations of monetary economics, foundations on which later writers, in both nineteenth and twentieth century contexts, built. Secondly, they also exhibit residual elements of mercantilism – by which is meant, in the present context, a belief in protectionism linked to the idea of beneficial consequences flowing from a balance of payments surplus resulting in an increased stock of precious metals.

Volume Contents

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    Front Matter
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    Introduction By D. P. O’Brien
  • 1705 Money and Trade considered By John Law
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      II
      Of Trade, and how far it depends on Money. That the Encrease of the People depends on Trade, Of Exchange
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      VII
      The Proposal with Reasons for it
  • 1730 Essay on the Nature of Trade Edited by Henry Higgs
    By Richard Cantillon
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      III
      Of the Circulation of Money
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      IV
      Further Reflection on the Rapidity or Slowness of the Circulation of Money in Exchange
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      V
      Of the inequality of the circulation of hard money in a State
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      VI
      Of the increase and decrease in the quantity of hard money in a State
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      VII
      Continuation of the same subject
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      VIII
      Further Reflection on the same subject
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      IX
      Of the Interest of Money and its Causes
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      X
      Of the Causes of the Increase and Decrease of the Interest of Money in a State
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    3
    1750 Essay on the Governing Causes of the Natural Rate of Interest By Joseph Massie
  • 1752 Essays on Money and on the Balance of Trade By David Hume
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      Discourse III: Of Money
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      Discourse V: Of the Balance of Trade
  • 1757 Essay on Money and Coins By Joseph Harris
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      II
      The established standard of money should not be violated or altered, under any pretence whatsoever. (Extract)
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      III
      Of Exchanges
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    6
    1776 An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations By Adam Smith